C++ is a statically-typed, compiled programming language. In C++, there are several primitive data types that are used to store different types of values in the computer's memory.

Integer Data Types

• short int: Used to store small integers. It occupies 2 bytes in memory.
• int: Used to store integers. It occupies 4 bytes in memory.
• long int: Used to store larger integers. It occupies 4 bytes in memory.
• long long int: Used to store very large integers. It occupies 8 bytes in memory.

Floating-Point Data Types

• float: Used to store floating-point numbers. It occupies 4 bytes in memory.
• double: Used to store larger floating-point numbers. It occupies 8 bytes in memory.
• long double: Used to store very large floating-point numbers. It occupies 10 bytes of memory.

Character Data Type

• char: Used to store a single character or ASCII value. It occupies 1 byte in memory.

Boolean Data Type

• bool: Used to store a boolean value, either true or false. It occupies 1 byte in memory.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
    // Integer
    short int s = 10;
    int i = 20;
    long int l = 30;
    long long int ll = 40;

    // Float
    float f = 1.5f;
    double d = 2.5;
    long double ld = 3.5;

    // Character
    char c = 'a';

    // Boolean
    bool b = true;

    cout << "short int        : " << s << endl;
    cout << "int              : " << i << endl;
    cout << "long int         : " << l << endl;
    cout << "long long int    : " << ll << endl;
    cout << "float            : " << f << endl;
    cout << "double           : " << d << endl;
    cout << "long double      : " << ld << endl;
    cout << "char             : " << c << endl;
    cout << "bool             : " << b << endl;

    return 0;
}

short int        : 10
int              : 20
long int         : 30
long long int    : 40
float            : 1.5
double           : 2.5
long double      : 3.5
char             : a
bool             : 1

Conclusion:

These are the primitive data types in C++ along with code examples. It's important to choose the right data type for your application to store values efficiently in memory.